Genital Warts: Symptoms, Causes, and Care Options

Are you curious about genital warts? Explore more about their symptoms. Find out about causes and care options.

Genital warts are a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). They are soft growths that appear on the genital or anal area, and while they can be concerning, understanding their nature is the first step in managing them.

Symptoms of Genital Warts

Genital warts often manifest as small, flesh-coloured bumps or a cluster of bumps in the genital region. They can be so small that they are difficult to notice or they may multiply into large clusters. These warts can appear weeks or even months after infection from HPV.

Some of the common symptoms include:

• Itching or discomfort in the genital area
• Bleeding during intercourse
• Swelling in the genital region

It is important to note that not everyone infected with HPV will develop genital warts, and in some cases, the immune system clears the virus naturally without any treatment.

Causes of Genital Warts

Genital warts are primarily spread through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner. The HPV that causes genital warts is easily transmitted, making it one of the most prevalent STIs.

Factors that may increase the risk of contracting genital warts include:

• Having multiple sexual partners
• Having sex with a partner whose sexual history is unknown
• A weakened immune system

Using condoms can reduce the risk of transmission, but it is not entirely foolproof.

Care Options for Genital Warts

While there is no cure for HPV, there are several treatments available to manage and eliminate genital warts. One can consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment based on the size and location of the warts.

Common treatment methods include:

• Topical treatments such as prescription creams and ointments
• Medical procedures like cryotherapy or laser treatment
• Surgical removal in more severe cases

Importantly, getting vaccinated against HPV can help prevent infection by the most common strains that cause genital warts and certain cancers.

Sources:
1. NHS
2. Mayo Clinic